In the third period of Türkmen history (in the third decade of the 11^th Century), there occurred several new and important developments in our history. The Seljuk commanders Togrul Beg (993-1063) and Çagry Beg (991-1061) founded the Seljuk State.

The other name of Çagry is Davud, the other name of Togrul is Muhammed. Both Togrul and Çagry Begs were among the foremost commanders. The metaphorical meaning of their names is eagle. If the spirit of the Türkmen is accepted as ‘horse’ in the fifth period, then it must be ‘eagle’ in the third period. For this reason it was very normal for the Türkmen commanders to be named in such way.

Çagry and Togrul Begs were the sons of Mikhail. They were the grandchildren of Seljuk Beg.

The boundaries of the Seljuk State extended from the Great Wall of China to Egypt, Asia Minor and the Caucasus. Seljuk Beg and his sons waged war against Samanogullari, Ilek Hanate, and Mahmyt of the Gazneli State.

The Seljuks are from the Kinik clan of the Oguz people. In 1040 in front of the Daňdanakan citadel, 70km from the city of Merw, they defeated Mahmyt of the Gazneli state from the lineage of Oguz. The state founded by the two brothers grew in strength after this victory.

A khutba (sermon) was delivered in the name of the two brothers in all lands under their control. Çagry Beg, who was named “Soltan of Soltans”, ascended the throne in the city of Merw; Togrul Beg ascended the throne in the city of Nishapur. In a short time span, many places and cities such as Belh, Curcan, Taberistan, Harezm and then Cibal, Hemedan, Dinavar, Hilvan, Rey and Isfahan were conquered.

In 1055, Togrul Beg went to Baghdad and was declared Soltan in the city, which was under the control of the Caliphate. He was named “Soltan of the seven climates” by the Caliphate.

(112-113.)

Togrul Beg, Alp Arslan and MelikShah were the rulers of a powerful state.

(136.)

My beloved citizens! It is an important fact that great Türkmen heroes, Muhammet Togrul Beg, Çagry Beg, Alp Arslan, Mälik Şah and Soltan Sanjar, succeeded in becoming the Soltans of the Islamic World with the states they established, their heroism, prudence, and policies. As the Türkmen Nation, we must study these great personalities. Oh Türkmens, be proud of your lineage!

(226.)

When Seljuk Beg died, he was over 100 years old. In his old-age, leaving all else aside, he brought up his grandsons, Togrul and Çagry Begs. The son of Seljuk Beg, Arslan Han, settled on the Nur Plateau near Buhara, taking Togrul and Çagry Begs with himself. The sole aim of the two brothers trained by Seljuk Beg was to make Khorasan their homeland.

To attain their goal, Çagry Beg together with his brave men crossed over Khorasan to reach the Roman Land (Anatolia). The two brothers’ intention to conquer Khorasan intensified after the arrest and imprisonment of Arslan Beg by Gaznaly Mahmyt.

After crossing the Jeýhun River in 1035, they settled near Täkgala. They informed Soltan Mesut of their intentions in a letter. In it they demanded that Soltan Mesut grant them for settlement the Nusaý and Paraw provinces, where they would put their animals out to pasture. They stated that they could suppress the insurrections likely to happen in the corridor from the Balkan Dagi, Dehistan, and Ürgenç frontiers to the banks of the Jeýhun River.

Soltan Mesut, who did not accept their offer, fought with the Seljuks near Täkgala in 1038. Soon after, in 1040, there was another battle near Sarahs on the Daňdanakan Plain. By way of war the Seljuks gained the things they had not been able to attain peacefully, and laid the foundations of the Great Seljuks’ State.

This victory made the fatherland their property forever. After the war, they summoned a council and declared their independence. Togrul Beg received the title of ‘Soltan’. They made the city of Rey their capital (1040-1063). Çagry Beg 

stayed in Merw (1040-1060). The two brothers ruled the state in unity and cooperation.

In 1063 Alp Arslan, the son of Çagry Beg, ascended to the throne. Alp Arslan was the great Soltan who unlocked the gates of Anatolia. His son Mälik Şah expanded the borders of the Seljuks and his son Soltan Sanjar promoted improvements in science and civilization.

The Great Seljuk State promoted Islam along with the Oguz culture, and in this way they enlarged their frontiers from Istanbul to China. Furthermore, being a great state, the Seljuks were honored as being the guard of the entire Islamic World. In addition, intending to dominate the world, they treated the people under their rule equally and justly and made great progress in the realms of culture and civilization. They improved the whole country, building roads, bridges, caravanserai, small mosques, madrassas (schools, universities) and hospitals.

(225-226.)

My beloved citizens! It is an important fact that great Türkmen heroes, Muhammet Togrul Beg, Çagry Beg, Alp Arslan, Mälik Şah and Soltan Sanjar, succeeded in becoming the Soltans of the Islamic World with the states they established, their heroism, prudence, and policies. As the Türkmen Nation, we must study these great personalities. Oh Türkmens, be proud of your lineage!

(226.)

Try to be the equal of the learned Pyragy and Gorkut,

Try to be the equal of the valiant Alp Arslan, Çagry beg and Togrul,

For Oguz Han people lagging behind does not suit

It is the Türkmen themselves who can make this nation grand.

(303.)